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(b)There is scandal in acts, as when one is perceptibly drunk or fights ina city street. --(a) Titus, a poorman, is in uncertainty, through no fault of his own, about two debts. Example: Titusfears that, if he goes to church, he will sin by endangering hishealth, which is feeble; that, if he does not go to church, he will sinby disobeying the law. (b) As to legal force, custom arises solely from theconsent of the Pope or other prelate, when this consent is expressed bythe law or lawgiver, or tacitly admitted by him.

from knowledge, but from nature, and which is found in theirrational and inanimate as well as in higher forms of being. The following conditions were laid down for permission of nominalmembership in the Odd Fellows, Sons of Temperance, etc. because natural agencies, like poison and fire, act infalliblywhen applied to suitable matters and under suitable conditions and leftto their course, unless they are overruled by superior power. --Definition of Scandal(1447).